Adult Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcomas: Assessing Outcomes Associated with Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Use in the National Cancer Database

Table 3

Factors associated with overall survival in patients with localized disease.

	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95% CI)	value	HR (95% CI)	value
Receipt of radiation
No	1		1
Yes	0.50 (0.34–0.74)	<0.001	0.48 (0.32–0.72)	<0.001
Receipt of chemotherapy
No	1		1
Yes	0.50 (0.33–0.75)	0.001	0.65 (0.41–1.03)	0.064
Age
<70 years	1		1
≥70 years	2.50 (1.70–3.67)	<0.001	1.55 (0.83–2.90)	0.171
Gender
Male	1		—	—
Female	1.11 (0.75–1.64)	0.594	—	—
Race
Non-Hispanic White	1		—	—
Non-Hispanic Black	0.72 (0.36–1.43)	0.345	—	—
Hispanic	0.43 (0.16–1.18)	0.101	—	—
Other	0.75 (0.30–1.85)	0.530	—	—
Facility area
Metropolitan	1		1
Urban	0.48 (0.22–1.04)	0.062	0.48 (0.21–1.09)	0.078
Rural	1.54 (0.49–4.88)	0.461	1.81 (0.53–6.20)	0.344
Unknown	1.70 (0.62–4.63)	0.302	2.73 (0.93–8.00)	0.066
Facility location
East	1		1
South	1.16 (0.67–2.02)	0.601	1.09 (0.60–1.98)	0.781
Central	1.27 (0.71–2.29)	0.420	1.52 (0.77–2.99)	0.228
West	1.01 (0.54–1.88)	0.971	1.14 (0.59–2.18)	0.701
Unknown	0.37 (0.14–1.00)	0.049	0.85 (0.28–2.56)	0.777
Facility type
Non-academic	1		1
Academic	0.95 (0.64–1.41)	0.803	0.93 (0.61–1.43)	0.753
Unknown	0.32 (0.13–0.82)	0.017	.	.
Insurance
Commercial	1		1
Medicare	2.34 (1.55–3.53)	<0.001	1.38 (0.72–2.62)	0.332
Medicaid	1.21 (0.51–2.88)	0.660	0.79 (0.31–2.01)	0.626
Uninsured	.	.	.	.
Other	0.71 (0.10–5.18)	0.736	0.82 (0.11–6.26)	0.845
Distance to treatment facility
≤40 miles	1		—	—
>40 miles	1.04 (0.68–1.59)	0.859	—	—
Zip code education level
≥21%	1		—	—
13%–20.9%	1.97 (1.04–3.71)	0.037	—	—
7%–12.9%	1.28 (0.68–2.43)	0.445	—	—
<7%	1.51 (0.80–2.83)	0.202	—	—
Zip code income level
<38,000	1		—	—
38,000–47,999	0.91 (0.50–1.65)	0.747	—	—
48,000–62,999	0.78 (0.44–1.39)	0.402	—	—
≥63,000	0.88 (0.50–1.53)	0.646	—	—
Charlson/Deyo score
0	1		1
1	1.90 (1.14–3.15)	0.013	1.71 (0.98–2.99)	0.059
2	1.63 (0.51–5.19)	0.406	1.35 (0.41–4.48)	0.624
3	2.45 (0.77–7.79)	0.130	0.95 (0.27–3.33)	0.939
Primary site
Head and neck	1		—	—
Upper extremity	1.25 (0.41–3.81)	0.689	—	—
Lower extremity	1.80 (0.65–4.98)	0.259	—	—
Thorax	2.07 (0.67–6.41)	0.209	—	—
Abdomen/pelvis	2.41 (0.83–6.97)	0.105	—	—
Other/NOS	.	.	.	.
Tumor size
<5 cm	1		1
5.1–10 cm	1.50 (0.85–2.64)	0.162	1.40 (0.77–2.57)	0.271
10.1–15 cm	1.83 (0.97–3.45)	0.063	1.70 (0.84–3.45)	0.141
>15 cm	3.62 (1.94–6.74)	<0.001	3.23 (1.59–6.53)	0.001
Grade
II	1		1
III	2.93 (0.72–11.90)	0.132	2.09 (0.49–8.87)	0.320
Year of diagnosis
2004–2007	1		—	—
2008–2011	0.70 (0.45–1.10)	0.121	—	—
2012–2015	0.71 (0.42–1.22)	0.215	—	—