Research Article
Adult Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcomas: Assessing Outcomes Associated with Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy Use in the National Cancer Database
Table 1
Factors associated with overall survival in patients with localized disease who did not undergo amputation.
| | | Univariate | Multivariate | Propensity score matched | | HR (95% CI) | value | HR (95% CI) | value | HR (95% CI) | value |
| | Receipt of radiation | | No | 1 | | 1 | | 1 | | | Yes | 0.49 (0.32–0.73) | <0.001 | 0.40 (0.26–0.62) | <0.001 | 0.49 (0.27–0.90) | <0.05 | | Receipt of chemotherapy | | No | 1 | | 1 | | — | — | | Yes | 0.51 (0.33–0.78) | 0.002 | 0.70 (0.42–1.16) | 0.170 | — | — | | Age | | <70 years | 1 | | 1 | | — | — | | ≥70 years | 2.55 (1.71–3.82) | <0.001 | 1.40 (0.70–2.78) | 0.343 | — | — | | Gender | | Male | 1 | | — | — | — | — | | Female | 1.08 (0.71–1.62) | 0.723 | — | — | — | — | | Race | | Non-Hispanic White | 1 | | — | — | — | — | | Non-Hispanic Black | 0.77 (0.39–1.53) | 0.456 | — | — | — | — | | Hispanic | 0.35 (0.11–1.10) | 0.073 | — | — | — | — | | Other | 0.77 (0.31–1.90) | 0.567 | — | — | — | — | | Facility area | | Metropolitan | 1 | | 1 | | — | — | | Urban | 0.35 (0.14–0.86) | 0.022 | 0.31 (0.12–0.80) | 0.016 | — | — | | Rural | 1.55 (0.49–4.90) | 0.458 | 1.75 (0.51–6.01) | 0.373 | — | — | | Unknown | 1.72 (0.63–4.71) | 0.290 | 1.82 (0.61–5.39) | 0.281 | — | — | | Facility location | | East | 1 | | 1 | | — | — | | South | 0.99 (0.56–1.76) | 0.980 | 0.87 (0.46–1.63) | 0.659 | — | — | | Central | 1.17 (0.64–2.13) | 0.608 | 1.19 (0.62–2.31) | 0.603 | — | — | | West | 0.83 (0.43–1.60) | 0.576 | 0.91 (0.46–1.82) | 0.788 | — | — | | Unknown | 0.35 (0.13–0.94) | 0.036 | . | . | — | — | | Facility type | | Non-academic | 1 | | 1 | | — | — | | Academic | 0.99 (0.66–1.49) | 0.961 | 1.04 (0.66–1.66) | 0.854 | — | — | | Unknown | 0.34 (0.14–0.87) | 0.025 | 0.66 (0.22–1.95) | 0.447 | — | — | | Insurance | | Commercial | 1 | | 1 | | — | — | | Medicare | 2.30 (1.50–3.52) | <0.001 | 1.43 (0.70–2.90) | 0.322 | — | — | | Medicaid | 1.17 (0.46–2.98) | 0.743 | 1.26 (0.45–3.52) | 0.664 | — | —- | | Uninsured | . | . | . | . | — | — | | Other | 0.77 (0.10–5.59) | 0.792 | 1.17 (0.15–9.33) | 0.884 | — | — | | Distance to treatment facility | | ≤40 miles | 1 | | — | — | — | — | | >40 miles | 0.94 (0.60–1.47) | 0.783 | — | — | — | — | | Zip code education level | | ≥21% | 1 | | 1 | | — | — | | 13%–20.9% | 2.60 (1.26–5.34) | 0.009 | 3.17 (1.48–6.76) | 0.003 | — | — | | 7%–12.9% | 1.75 (0.85–3.59) | 0.131 | 1.90 (0.89–4.05) | 0.098 | — | — | | <7% | 1.96 (0.96–4.01) | 0.066 | 2.02 (0.94–4.35) | 0.071 | — | — | | Zip code income level | | <38,000 | 1 | | — | — | — | — | | 38,000–47,999 | 1.09 (0.57–2.08) | 0.795 | — | — | — | — | | 48,000–62,999 | 0.90 (0.48–1.66) | 0.725 | — | — | — | — | | ≥63,000 | 1.07 (0.59–1.96) | 0.818 | — | — | — | — | | Charlson/Deyo score | | 0 | 1 | | — | — | — | — | | 1 | 1.76 (1.02–3.04) | 0.043 | — | — | — | — | | 2 | 1.61 (0.51–5.12) | 0.420 | — | — | — | — | | 3 | 2.48 (0.78–7.91) | 0.125 | — | — | — | — | | Primary site | | Head and neck | 1 | | — | — | — | — | | Upper extremity | 1.24 (0.40–3.85) | 0.709 | — | — | — | — | | Lower extremity | 1.74 (0.63–4.84) | 0.287 | — | — | — | — | | Thorax | 1.96 (0.62–6.14) | 0.251 | — | — | — | — | | Abdomen/pelvis | 2.34 (0.80–6.79) | 0.119 | — | — | — | — | | Other/NOS | . | . | — | — | — | — | | Tumor size | | <5 cm | 1 | | 1 | | — | — | | 5.1–10 cm | 1.56 (0.87–2.79) | 0.137 | 1.45 (0.78–2.71) | 0.242 | — | — | | 10.1–15 cm | 1.87 (0.97–3.62) | 0.062 | 1.55 (0.74–3.25) | 0.241 | — | — | | >15 cm | 3.82 (1.99–7.32) | <0.001 | 4.06 (1.96–8.40) | <0.001 | — | — | | Grade | | II | 1 | | 1 | | — | — | | III | 2.85 (0.70–11.57) | 0.143 | 2.07 (0.48–8.92) | 0.327 | — | — | | Year of diagnosis | | 2004–2007 | 1 | | — | — | — | — | | 2008–2011 | 0.69 (0.44–1.11) | 0.124 | — | — | — | — | | 2012–2015 | 0.68 (0.39–1.18) | 0.172 | — | — | — | — |
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