Rehabilitation Research and Practice / 2016 / Article / Tab 2 / Research Article
Effects of Seated Postural Stability and Trunk and Upper Extremity Strength on Performance during Manual Wheelchair Propulsion Tests in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: An Exploratory Study Table 2 Summary of outcome measures.
(a) Wheelchair performance tests Mean (SD) [Min; max] Timed 20 m propulsion test (s) Natural velocity 15.67 (2.47) [10.99–20.01] Maximal velocity 10.16 (2.14) [8.43–16.36] Timed slalom test (s) 18.55 (4.63) [15.21; 29.42] 6 min propulsion test (m) 518.5 (121.7) [256.5; 771.5] Static trunk strength (Nm/kg) Mean (SD) [Min–max] Anterior flexion 0.28 (0.18) [0.03–0.58] Extension 0.36 (0.22) [0.10–0.85] Right lateral flexion 0.27 (0.10) [0.09–0.44] Left lateral flexion 0.31 (0.11) [0.13–0.56] Seated reaching test (cm) Mean (SD) [Min–max] Anterior 39.31 (17.69) [3.60–66.29] Right lateral 9.48 (4.41) [1.90–16.55] Left lateral 8.98 (4.14) [3.67–17.9] Right anterolateral 12.49 (10.19) [1.60–37.68] Left anterolateral 12.11 (11.04) [3.40–51.80]
(b) Upper extremity strength (Nm/kg) Strongest side Weakest side Mean (SD) [Min–max] Mean (SD) [Min; max] Shoulder Flexors 0.73 (0.14) [0.45–1.00] 0.67 (0.15) [0.34–0.93] Extensors 0.96 (0.25) [0.33–1.23] 0.87 (0.26) [0.22–1.14] Abductors 0.91 (0.21) [0.57–1.43] 0.82 (0.19) [0.52–1.31] Adductors 0.83 (0.25) [0.24–1.10] 0.71 (0.23) [0.15–1.00] External rotators 0.52 (0.14) [0.25–0.74] 0.43 (0.09) [0.19–0.58] Internal rotators 0.65 (0.22) [0.24–1.02] 0.52 (0.17) [0.13–0.79] Elbow Flexors 0.92 (0.24) [0.53–1.31] 0.84 (0.24) [0.48–1.19] Extensors 0.56 (0.23) [0.00–0.82] 0.49 (0.21) [0.00–0.81] Handgrip (kg) 41.0 (20.2) [0.00–70.2] 36.8 (19.4) [0.00–69.8]