4-Pyridinio-1,4-Dihydropyridines as Calcium Ion Transport Modulators: Antagonist, Agonist, and Dual Action

<div>Carbachol effect on agonist activity of compound 4. (a) The carbachol-induced [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> increase after stimulation of cells with compound 4. The cells were stimulated with compound 4 (first arrow) and after 880 s were stimulated with 100 nM carbachol (second arrow). (b) The compound 4 induced [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> increase after stimulation of cells with carbachol. The cells were stimulated with 100 nM carbachol (first arrow) and after 460 s were stimulated with 100 <i>μ</i>M compound 4 (second arrow). Control is Fura-4 NW loaded cells without stimulator. 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Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

fig5

Figure 5

Figure 5: 4-Pyridinio-1,4-Dihydropyridines as Calcium Ion Transport Modulators: Antagonist, Agonist, and Dual Action 