The Ameliorative Effects of the Ethyl Acetate Extract of Salicornia europaea L. and Its Bioactive Candidate, Irilin B, on LPS-Induced Microglial Inflammation and MPTP-Intoxicated PD-Like Mouse Model

Figure 5

Effects of Irilin B in molecular level alterations of proinflammatory cytokines/mediators and antioxidant biomarker. A major flavonoid of SE-EA, Irilin B (20, 10, and 20 μM) was treated on LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells. Cells were incubated for 20 hours in a CO₂-supplied incubator, and the HO-1 expression levels were measured using a western blot and qRT-PCR (a). Nitric oxide (NO) releases were measured by Griess reagent assay, and cell viabilities were assayed by using MTT reagent (b). Including iNOS and COX-2, proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 expression levels were analysed using the qRT-PCR method (c). # marks vs. the control group, marks vs. the LPS-stimulated group. , , and . ns: statistically not significant. values were achieved using a one-way ANOVA analysis (Tukey method).

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