Prediabetes Induced by Fructose-Enriched Diet Influences Cardiac Lipidome and Proteome and Leads to Deterioration of Cardiac Function prior to the Development of Excessive Oxidative Stress and Cell Damage

Figure 1

Experimental protocol. Male Wistar rats were divided into control () and fructose-fed () groups receiving either a standard chow or a chow supplemented with 60% fructose, respectively, for 24 weeks. Fasting blood glucose measurement or oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed every four weeks to monitor the development of prediabetic condition. At week 24, transthoracic echocardiography was performed to monitor cardiac function and morphology. Then, the hearts of the animals were isolated and mounted on a working heart perfusion system to measure hemodynamic and pressure parameters. After the perfusions, hearts were frozen for measurement of biochemical parameters.