Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From a Mitochondrial Point of View

Figure 2

Rendition of the central role of mitochondrial deficiencies in aging. The ROS production in aged mitochondria is increased, the membrane potential appeared lower, ATP synthesis is reduced, the activity of respiratory enzyme complexes is declined, and oxidized proteins accumulate causing protein aggregation. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is also oxidized and deletions and mutations have found.