Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol Attenuates Methylglyoxal-Induced Oxidative Stress and Advanced Glycation End Product Formation in Human Kidney Cells

Figure 6

DPHC protects MGO-induced protein glycation in HEK cells. HEK cells were incubated with or without 40 μM DPHC for 1 h and then further incubated with or without 1 mM MGO for 24 h. (a) AGE content was measured. (b) AGE receptor (RAGE) mRNA expression level was analyzed by qRT-PCR. (c) Protein carbonyl content was measured. (d) Glo-1 mRNA expression level was analyzed by qRT-PCR. (e–i) HEK cells were transfected with Glo-1 siRNA for 36 h and incubated with or without 40 μM DPHC for 1 h and then further incubated with or without 1 mM MGO for 24 h. (e) Glo-1 mRNA expression level was analyzed by qRT-PCR. (f) AGE content was measured. (g) Protein carbonyl content was measured. (h) Glo-1 (glyoxalase 1) expression was measured by qRT-PCR. (i) Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) mRNA expression was measured by qRT-PCR. Experiments were performed in triplicate. , , . n.s. indicates no significance.

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