Polyphenols and Oxidative Stress in Atherosclerosis-Related Ischemic Heart Disease and Stroke

Figure 2

Effects of polyphenols in LDL and inflammatory process with monocytes and macrophages. ROS: reactive oxygen species; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; OxLDL: oxidized low-density lipoprotein; MCP-1: monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; iNOS: inducible nitric oxide synthase; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-1: interleukin-1; IL-6: interleukin-6; PPARγ: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ; NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa B.