[Retracted] Antiaging Properties of a Grape-Derived Antioxidant Are Regulated by Mitochondrial Balance of Fusion and Fission Leading to Mitophagy Triggered by a Signaling Network of Sirt1-Sirt3-Foxo3-PINK1-PARKIN

Figure 5

Immunofluorescence multichromatic projections of PINK1, LC3 protein, a marker of autophagosome formation, and the mitochondrial TOM20 in the ischaemic (IR) cardiac specimens after treatments with resveratrol or longevinex. Panel (a) is administration of vehicle only; panel (b) is administration of resveratrol; panels (c–e) are administration of longevinex. Panel (f) is 5x magnification of the selected area indicated in panel (e) where mitochondrial fission and mitophagy are indicated with white arrows. Overlay of the immunofluorescence images of LC3 (green), PINK1 (red), and nuclei (blue) is shown in panels (a), (b), and (c); autophagy activation is indicated in panels (b) and (c) with white arrows. Overlay of the immunofluorescence images of PINK1 (green), TOM20 (red), and nuclei (blue) is shown in panel (d). Overlay of the immunofluorescence images of LC3 (green), TOM20 (red), and nuclei (blue) is shown in panel (e); mitochondrial fission is shown in panel (f) with white arrows. The confocal images were taken with optical Z-step of 0.5 µm.