NADPH Oxidase 1 and Its Derived Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated Tissue Injury and Repair
Figure 2
Nox1 modulates intracellular signaling. Nox1 can be activated by a diverse array of stimuli, such as the binding of growth factors to their receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) and the stimulation by agonists such as angiotensin II. ROS produced by activated Nox1 oxidize the cysteine residue of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP), inactivate these enzymes, and lead to enhanced activation of MAPK system and PI3 K. ROS may also interact with intracellular Ca2+ by enhancing the entry of Ca2+ through cell membrane. The activated intracellular signals may further activate Nox1 or other Nox homologues, causing additional increasing of ROS. All these mechanisms may be involved in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration, and angiogenesis, which are crucial components of tissue injury and repair.
