Review Article

SOD1 and DJ-1 Converge at Nrf2 Pathway: A Clue for Antioxidant Therapeutic Potential in Neurodegeneration

Table 1

Natural activators of Nrf2/ARE signalling pathway.

MoleculeModelReference

Sulforaphanes (SFN) Keap-1 purified proteinDinkova-Kostova et al., 2002 [102]
Keap-1 protein (in vitro study)Hong et al., 2005 [103]
Dopaminergic neurons (basal ganglia) after exposure to MPTPJazwa et al. 2011 [28]

CurcuminSpinal cord primary astrocytes after exposure to H2O2Jiang et al., 2011 [104]
Primary cortical neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (model of brain ischemia) Wu et al., 2013 [105]

NaphthazarinARE-bla Hep G2 cell line and primary neuron and astrocyte cultures Son et al., 2013 [106]

GenisteinPC12 cells after incubation with beta-amyloid peptides 25–35Ma et al., 2010 [127]
bEND.3 cells after incubation with beta-amyloid peptides 25–35Xi et al., 2012 [128]
Rat hippocampal CA1 neurons after cerebral ischemiaWang et al., 2013 [107]

Carnosic acidPrimary cortical neuronsSatoh et al., 2008 [108]
SH-SY5Y cells after exposure to 6-hydroxydopamineChen et al., 2012 [109]

Polyphenols
Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG)mutSOD1-transfected motoneurons Koh et al., 2004 [110]
PC12 cells after exposure to paraquatHou et al., 2008 [111]
SOD1-G93A transgenic mice (model of ALS)Koh et al., 2006 [112]
SOD1-G93A transgenic mice (model of ALS)Xu et al., 2006 [113]
Rat immortalized neurons (H19-7)Romeo et al., 2009 [114]

ResveratrolSpinal cord from adult rats after hypoxic injuryKesherwani et al., 2013 [115]
Dorsal root ganglionic cells after glucose-induced injuryVincent et al., 2009 [116]