Nitroglycerine-Induced Nitrate Tolerance Compromises Propofol Protection of the Endothelial Cells against TNF-α: The Role of PKC-β2 and NADPH Oxidase
Figure 2
Representative figures of flow cytometry results (a)–(g) and rate of apoptotic cells measured by flow cytometry (h). Flow cytometric analysis was carried out as described in methods. Primary cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were either not treated (control, Con.) or treated with TNF-α (40 ng/mL) alone (T) or with TNF-α in the presence of nitroglycerine (10 μM) (T + N), propofol (100 μM) (T + P), CGP53353 (1 μM) (T + C), propofol plus nitroglycerin (T + N + P), or CGP53353 plus nitroglycerine (T + N + C), respectively, for 24 h. (a)–(g) Representatives of the C, T, T + N, T + P, T + N + P, T + C and T + N + C, respectively. All results are expressed as mean ± S.E.M., , * compared with Con., T + N, T + P, T + C and T + N + C, ** compared with Con., T + P, T + C and T + N + C.
