Research Article

An Adverse Outcome Pathway Linking Organohalogen Exposure to Mitochondrial Disease

Table 1

Organohalogen characterization table. The table includes physicochemical properties of three primary disinfectant by-products: chloroform, chloroacetic acid, and chlorophenol. The LD50 values of the materials after oral exposure to rats are also included. These organohalogens are known as mitochondrial toxins and potent disruptors of mitochondrial respiratory chain.

ChloroformChloroacetic acidChlorophenol

IUPAC nameTrichloromethaneTrichloroacetic acid2,4,6-Trichlorophenol

Chemical structure

CAS number67-66-376-03-988-06-2

Chemical formulaCHCl3C2HCl3O2C6H3Cl3O

Molecular weight119.37 g/mol163.38 g/mol197.45 g/mol

Density1.489 g/cm3 (20°C)1.63 g/cm3 (20°C)1.675 g/cm3 (20°C)

Water solubility8.09 g/L (20°C)>10,000 g/L (20°C)20.0 g/L (20°C)

Dissociation (pKa)15.7 (20°C)0.66 (20°C)8.56 (20°C)

Boiling point61.2°C195.5°C246°C

Toxicity LD50 (rats,oal)695 mg/kg [5154]425 mg/kg [55]670 mg/kg [5659]