Lyophilized B. subtilis ZB183 Spores: 90-Day Repeat Dose Oral (Gavage) Toxicity Study in Wistar Rats
Table 4
Summary of clinical chemistry parameters.
Dose group (mg/kg/day)
Males
Females
Control
20/10
200/100
2000/1000
Control
20/10
200/100
2000/1000
Glu (mmol/L)
7.39 ± 0.73
7.10 ± 0.85
6.93 ± 0.61
7.10 ± 0.61
6.00 ± 1.14
6.04 ± 0.83
5.88 ± 0.46
6.22 ± 0.86
BUN (mmol/L)
5.72 ± 1.01
6.00 ± 0.51
5.78 ± 0.95
5.91 ± 0.48
7.25 ± 0.91
6.86 ± 1.13
7.67 ± 0.86
7.76 ± 1.08
Creat (µmol/L)
44 ± 4
∗53 ± 7
∗51 ± 4
∗53 ± 5
54 ± 9
54 ± 7
58 ± 6
50 ± 6
AST (U/L)
87 ± 12
105 ± 33
97 ± 15
88 ± 8
107 ± 23
103 ± 19
99 ± 15
∗∗84 ± 17
ALT (U/L)
30 ± 7
30 ± 7
31 ± 7
25 ± 5
26 ± 5
27 ± 4
25 ± 5
31 ± 9
GGT (U/L)
4 ± 0
4 ± 0
4 ± 0
4 ± 1
4 ± 0
4 ± 0
4 ± 1
4 ± 1
Alp (U/L)
80 ± 12
85 ± 8
85 ± 12
84 ± 11
38 ± 9
36 ± 7
37 ± 11
47 ± 12
LDH (U/L)
170 ± 45
181 ± 44
163 ± 39
208 ± 44
225 ± 47
193 ± 40
212 ± 33
∗∗171 ± 48
T.Bil (µmol/L)
3.02 ± 0.51
2.90 ± 0.68
2.95 ± 0.42
∗∗1.41 ± 0.30
3.21 ± 0.74
3.03 ± 0.51
∗∗2.39 ± 0.87
∗∗1.69 ± 0.55
T.Chol (mmol/L)
1.79 ± 0.17
1.73 ± 0.26
1.74 ± 0.22
1.72 ± 0.14
1.96 ± 0.27
2.05 ± 0.33
2.14 ± 0.31
2.10 ± 0.36
AHDL (mmol/L)
1.46 ± 0.14
1.44 ± 0.23
1.43 ± 0.16
1.39 ± 0.14
1.61 ± 0.21
1.72 ± 0.26
1.75 ± 0.23
1.66 ± 0.28
LDL Cholesterol (mmol/L)
0.21 ± 0.07
∗∗0.13 ± 0.05
0.17 ± 0.07
0.22 ± 0.04
0.28 ± 0.06
0.25 ± 0.09
0.30 ± 0.08
0.34 ± 0.09
Trig (mmol/L)
0.63 ± 0.29
0.80 ± 0.46
0.68 ± 0.10
0.60 ± 0.20
0.35 ± 0.09
0.41 ± 0.14
0.45 ± 0.15
0.48 ± 0.16
T.Pro(g/L)
68.6 ± 2.0
∗71.4 ± 3.0
∗73.1 ± 2.0
71.0 ± 2.4
78.1 ± 3.3
79.7 ± 2.9
∗81.7 ± 2.2
79.7 ± 2.2
ALB (g/L)
30.3 ± 0.6
30.1 ± 0.7
∗34.2 ± 1.6
∗36.6 ± 0.6
37.7 ± 1.3
37.4 ± 1.1
∗44.1 ± 1.1
∗44.6 ± 1.5
GLOB (g/L)
38.4 ± 1.6
∗41.3 ± 2.9
39.0 ± 1.9
∗∗34.5 ± 2.2
40.4 ± 2.3
42.4 ± 2.1
∗∗37.7 ± 1.6
∗∗35.2 ± 1.3
A/G (ratio)
0.79 ± 0.03
∗∗0.73 ± 0.06
∗0.88 ± 0.07
∗1.06 ± 0.06
0.94 ± 0.04
∗∗0.88 ± 0.03
∗1.17 ± 0.04
∗1.27 ± 0.06
Pi (mmol/L)
2.12 ± 0.32
2.03 ± 0.32
1.89 ± 0.34
2.04 ± 0.57
1.75 ± 0.33
1.75 ± 0.31
2.34 ± 2.14
1.86 ± 0.65
Ca (mmol/L)
2.85 ± 0.03
2.80 ± 0.08
∗∗2.69 ± 0.15
∗∗2.70 ± 0.07
2.88 ± 0.07
2.89 ± 0.07
2.75 ± 0.15
2.89 ± 0.09
Na (mEq/L)
143.3 ± 0.6
∗144.3 ± 0.8
∗145.8 ± 1.1
143.6 ± 0.9
142.4 ± 1.1
143.5 ± 1.3
∗145.4 ± 1.4
143.2 ± 0.8
K (mEq/L)
3.78 ± 0.16
3.95 ± 0.24
3.65 ± 0.24
∗4.28 ± 0.25
3.48 ± 0.48
3.55 ± 0.30
3.56 ± 0.24
∗4.01 ± 0.36
Cl (mEq/L)
98.4 ± 0.8
98.7 ± 0.9
98.8 ± 1.2
97.8 ± 0.8
96.6 ± 1.5
96.7 ± 1.5
97.8 ± 1.3
96.8 ± 1.1
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. mg/kg/day, milligrams per kilogram body weight per day; L, liter; n, number of animals, U, mEq; g, gram; ∗/∗∗ Significantly higher/lower than the vehicle control group at .