Is Generalized Maternal Optimism or Pessimism During Pregnancy Associated with Unplanned Cesarean Section Deliveries in China?

Table 4

Bivariate comparisons of key variables against unplanned c-section (𝑁=141).

Predictor	Statistic	𝑃-Value (95% CI)
Number of pregnancy complications	𝑡=−.010	0.992 (−.41,.41)
Number of pregnancy complications that are linked to risk of C-Section	𝑡=0.353	0.725 (−.20,.29)
Number of pregnancy complications that are not linked to risk of C-section	𝑡=−.292	0.771 (−.36,.27)
Labor duration	𝑡=2.93	.004* (1.009, 5.16)
Infant birthweight	𝑡=−1.58	0.116 (−315.47, 34.9)
Gestational age	𝑡=−.269	0.789 (−.57,.43)
Maternal age	𝑡=.612	0.541 (−.97, 1.85)
Optimism subscale	𝑡=2.004	0.047* (.012, 1.81)
Pessimism subscale	𝑡=−3.077	0.003* (−2.43 −.529)
Previous abortion	Chi Square = .159	0.690
Previous miscarriage	Chi Square = .059	0.809
Nonpregnancy-related health issues	Chi Square = 1.42	0.232
Perception of pregnancy experience	Chi Square = .098	0.952
Birth complications	Chi Square = 6.65	0.010*
Education	Chi Square = .307	0.858
Income	Chi Square = 3.638	0.303
Insurance	Chi Square = 5.229	0.073

* 𝑃<.05.