Nanotechnology Role Development for COVID-19 Pandemic Management

Table 1

Summary of the role of nanomaterials for COVID-19.

Key role for COVID-19	Nanomaterial	Purpose
Diagnostics	Magnetic nanoparticle	(i) Conjugated with a probe is used to detect complementary target sequence of SARS-CoVs
	Metal nanoparticle	(ii) Modified (nucleic acid or protein bound) and integrated into COVID-19 sensors, mostly for colorimetric detection
	Carbon-based nanoparticle	(iii) Integrated into diagnostic platform for COVID-19 detection
	Quantum dot	(iv) Incorporated into sensor, acting as fluorescent label for COVID-19 detection
Prevention	Metal nanoparticle	(i) Induce structural changes in viral S protein, resulting in viral neutralization
	Carbon-based nanoparticle	(ii) Inactivate virus and inhibit its entry into host cells
	Quantum dot	(iii) Prevent viral RNA genome amplification
Treatment	Metal nanoparticle; Carbon-based	(i) Antiviral activity is achieved by altering the structural properties of virus S protein
	Nanoparticle	(ii) Inhibit the virus's ability to enter host cells by destroying it.
	Quantum dot	(iii) Inhibit binding of S protein receptor of coronavirus to host cells
	Exosome	(iv) Target, bind, and suppress cellular uptake of coronavirus