Antagonistic Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Certain Mixtures of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and the Bulk (Al₂O₃, CuO, and SiO₂) on Gill Histology in Clarias gariepinus

Figure 6

(a) Histological section of gill exposed to bulk SiO/Al₂O₃ (1 : 1) showing primary gill lamella (PGL), eroded secondary gill lamella (ESGL), and hypertrophy (HPT). Shortened secondary gill lamella (SSGL) and area of necrosis (N) are also observed (H&E stains, ×100). (b) Histological section of gill exposed to bulk Al₂O₃/CuO (1 : 1) showing primary gill lamella (PGL), total destruction of secondary gill lamella, oedema (OD), aneurysm (ANS), and necrosis (N) (H&E stains, ×100).

(a)

(b)