Antagonistic Effects of Sublethal Concentrations of Certain Mixtures of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles and the Bulk (Al₂O₃, CuO, and SiO₂) on Gill Histology in Clarias gariepinus

Figure 5

(a) Histological section of gill exposed to nano-SiO/CuO (1 : 1) showing primary gill lamella (PGL) shortened secondary gill lamella (SSGL), blood vessel, oedema of primary lamella, and eroded epithelium (H&E stains, ×100). (b) Histological section of gill exposed to nano-SiO/Al₂O₃ (1 : 1) showing primary gill lamella (PGL), eroded secondary gill lamella (ESGL), and hypertrophy (HPT) (H&E stains, ×100).

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