Using Artificial Intelligence to Develop a Multivariate Model with a Machine Learning Model to Predict Complications in Mexican Diabetic Patients without Arterial Hypertension (National Nested Case-Control Study): Metformin and Elevated Normal Blood Pressure Are Risk Factors, and Obesity Is Protective
Table 4
Chi-squared test for binary variables between complicated patients versus uncomplicated patients.
Predictor
Patients
test
Complicated
Uncomplicated
Smoking
4956 (15.04%)
2823 (9.16%)
<0.001
Antidiabetic Tx: acarbose
1230 (3.73%)
439 (1.42%)
<0.001
Antidiabetic Tx: phenformin
9 (0.03%)
7 (0.02%)
0.907
Antidiabetic Tx: glibenclamide
12816 (38.90%)
5007 (16.24%)
<0.001
Antidiabetic Tx: glimepiride
220 (0.67%)
48 (0.16%)
<0.001
Antidiabetic Tx: glipizide
21 (0.06%)
8 (0.03%)
0.040
Antidiabetic Tx: metformin
18271 (55.45%)
6072 (19.70%)
<0.001
Antidiabetic Tx: pioglitazone
992 (3.01%)
203 (0.66%)
<0.001
Antidiabetic Tx: rosiglitazone
391 (1.19%)
145 (0.47%)
<0.001
Antidiabetic Tx: sitagliptin
1506 (4.57%)
157 (0.51%)
<0.001
Antidiabetic Tx: tolbutamide
36 (0.11%)
13 (0.04%)
0.004
Self-care: attached to the treatment
21706 (65.88%)
10808 (35.06%)
<0.001
Self-care: self-medication
6142 (18.64%)
2805 (9.10%)
<0.001
Self-care: diabetes education
23160 (70.29%)
20710 (67.18%)
<0.001
Self-care: physical activity
21791 (66.14%)
19597 (63.57%)
<0.001
Ketoacidosis
302 (0.92%)
611 (1.98%)
<0.001
Hyperglycemia
6200 (18.82%)
1640 (5.32%)
<0.001
Hyperosmolar
225 (0.68%)
71 (0.23%)
<0.001
Hypoglycemia
635 (1.93%)
283 (0.92%)
<0.001
MIDE follow-up: discharge
2774 (8.42%)
992 (3.22%)
<0.001
MIDE follow-up: continue
20625 (62.60%)
8472 (27.48%)
<0.001
MIDE follow-up: death
39 (0.12%)
9 (0.03%)
<0.001
MIDE follow-up: abandonment
257 (0.78%)
133 (0.43%)
<0.001
MIDE follow-up: secondary care
968 (2.94%)
178 (0.58%)
<0.001
Nutrition consultation
9565 (29.03%)
3082 (10.00%)
<0.001
Complicated: total number of patients and percentage in whom physicians registered one or more of the five events of interest in their medical record. Uncomplicated: total number of patients and percentage in whom physicians registered none of the five events of interest in their medical record.
