|
Author | Year | Study title | Country | Population | Study design | Sample size | Sampling strategy | Summary findings |
|
Murphy et al. | 2015 | A qualitative study of the experiences of care and motivation for effective self-management among diabetic and hypertensive patients attending public sector primary health care services in South Africa | South Africa | Hypertensive and diabetic patients 18 years and above. | Qualitative study comprising individual, in-depth interviews with hypertensive and diabetic patients | 22 | A criterion sampling procedure was used to select patients who had diabetes and/or hypertension | Patients experience multiple impediments to effective self-management of diabetes and behaviour change, including poor health literacy, a lack of self-efficacy, and perceived social support. Most patients reported not having received adequate information, counselling, or autonomy support from their healthcare providers. Their experiences suggest that the current approach to chronic care largely fails to meet patients’ motivation needs, leaving many of them feeling anxious about their state of health and frustrated with the quality of their care. |
De Man et al. | 2020 | What motivates people with (pre)diabetes to move? Testing SDT in rural Uganda | Uganda | Adults aged 30-75 years in two rural districts in eastern Uganda | The study was a cluster-randomized adaptive implementation trial | 794 | Cluster sampling technique | Their findings suggest that different types of motivation regulate different domains and intensities of PA. A higher frequency of vigorous PA—which was linked to a lower HbA1C and FPG—was predicted by autonomous motivation but not by controlled motivation. Perceived competence and perceived relatedness predicted autonomous motivation. Autonomous motivation functioned as a mediator between those needs and PA behaviour. |
Karlsen et al. | 2018 | New possibilities in life with type 2 diabetes: experiences from participating in a guided self-determination program in general practice | Norway | Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus | Descriptive and explorative qualitative approach | 16 | Purposive and convenient sampling technique | The findings indicate that the participants experienced new life possibilities after participating in the SDT program, which positively influenced their motivation for self-management. Through reflections on how to live with diabetes, the participants reinterpreted their life with diabetes by gradually developing a closer relationship with the disease and moving towards acceptance. Dialogue with nurses was seen to have helped support the participants to become more self-determined. |
Liu et al. | 2018 | Effectiveness of self-management behaviour intervention on type 2 diabetes based on SDT | China | Adult diabetic patients in 3 selected communities in Beijing | Pretest posttest intervention study | 3 communities | Convenient sampling method | The HbA1c and self-management scores increased higher in the autonomy support group than in the other two groups. After the intervention, the control rate in the autonomy support group was higher than in the other two groups. The value in the autonomy support group was higher than in the routine intervention group. Baseline self-management behaviour, self-efficacy, knowledge, skill, family support, autonomy support, peer support, and age were positively correlated with the change in behaviour. |
Gourlan et al. | 2016 | Motivational profiles for physical activity practice in adults with type 2 diabetes: an SDT perspective | France | Adult type 2 diabetics patients in a diabetes care Centre in a French hospital | Cross-sectional design | 350 | — | Participants with “high combined” and “self-determined” profiles reported higher perceived competence and longer leisure-time PA practice in comparison to those with a “moderate” profile. This study highlights the necessity of adopting a person-centred approach better to understand motivation towards PA among type 2 diabetes patients. |
Sebire et al. | 2018 | “I’ve made this my lifestyle now”: a prospective qualitative study of motivation for lifestyle change among people with newly diagnosed type two diabetes mellitus | England | Newly diagnosed adults with type 2 diabetes and were participants in the early ACTID trial | Randomized control trial | 593 | Purposive sampling | Applying SDT, it was found that many participants reported relatively dominant controlled motivation to comply with lifestyle recommendations, avoid their non-compliance being “found out” or suppress guilt following lapses in behaviour change attempts. Such narratives were accompanied by experiences of frustrating slow behaviour change progress. More autonomous motivation was expressed as something often achieved over time and reflected goals to improve health, QoL, or family time. |
Rajab et al. | 2020 | Barriers to initiation of insulin therapy in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes based on self-determination theory | Iran | Patients with type 2 diabetes who had indications for insulin therapy | Descriptive cross-sectional study | 151 | Random sampling | The findings suggested that the patient’s intrinsic motivation was less than their extrinsic motivation. It was observed that patients do not properly understand their illness due to the low score of relatedness representative of patients’ and care providers’ relationships. |
Halvari et al. | 2017 | Physical activity and motivational predictors of changes in health behavior and health among DM2 and CAD patients | Norway | Adult patients with both type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) | Clinical trial | 108 | Purposive sampling | The data supported the SDT process model, in which the effect of the intervention significantly predicted indirect changes in behaviour and health through motivation variables. Considering the moderate to large effects on increases in motivation, behaviour, and health, promoting organized physical activity programs that are perceived as need-supportive may have important health implications for patients with DM2 and CAD. |
Yun et al. | 2020 | Can autonomy support have an effect on type 2 diabetes glycemic control? Results of a cluster randomized controlled trial | China | Patients with type 2 diabetes | Cluster randomized controlled trial | 364 | Purposive and convenient sampling | Patients in an autonomous support group (ASP) achieved better HbA1c reduction at the end of intervention than those in the usual care group (UCG) and successfully maintained it for up to 6 months. However, patients in a social support group (SSG) did not experience a significant change in HbA1c at 3 or 6 months when compared with patients in UCG. Besides, patients in both the SSG and ASG experienced an improvement in exercise at 3 months. Patients in ASG sustained improvement in exercise for up to 6 months but those in the SSG did not. Autonomy support for patients with type 2 diabetes could help achieve glycaemic control at the end of the intervention and successfully maintain it for up to 6 months. |
Nouwen et al. | 2011 | Longitudinal motivational predictors of dietary self-care and diabetes control in adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus | Netherlands | People newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes | Longitudinal study design | 237 | Purposive sampling | Dietary self-care was longitudinally associated with self-efficacy, self-evaluation, autonomy support, and autonomous motivation. The results indicate that autonomy support, self-efficacy, and self-evaluation are key targets for interventions to improve dietary self-care. |
Koponen et al. | 2018 | Success in increasing physical activity (PA) among patients with type 2 diabetes: a self-determination theory perspective | Finland | Patients with type 2 diabetes | Cross-sectional survey | 1256 | — | The findings of this study supported SDT by showing that autonomous motivation was the strongest predictor of success in increasing PA among people with type 2 diabetes. The autonomous motivation was associated with success in increasing PA even after the effect of other important life-context factors was controlled for. |
Koponen et al. | 2017a | Determinants of physical activity among patients with type 2 diabetes: the role of perceived autonomy support, autonomous motivation, and self-care competence | Finland | Patients with type 2 diabetes | Cross-sectional survey | 5167 | Purposive sampling | Of all measured explanatory factors, autonomous motivation was most strongly associated with engagement in PA. Autonomous motivation mediated the effect of perceived autonomy support on patients’ PA. Thus, perceived autonomy support was associated with the patient’s PA through autonomous motivation. Interventions for improved diabetes care should concentrate on supporting patients’ autonomous motivation for PA. Internalizing the importance of good self-care seems to give sufficient energy to maintain a physically active lifestyle. |
Koponen et al. | 2017b | Quality of primary health care and autonomous motivation for effective diabetes self-management among patients with type 2 diabetes | Finland | Patients with type 2 diabetes | Cross-sectional survey | 2866 | Purposive sampling | Autonomy support from one’s physician was most strongly associated with autonomous motivation (self-regulation) for effective diabetes self-management among patients with type 2 diabetes. |
Mohn et al. | 2017 | The effect of guided self-determination on self-management in persons with type 1 diabetes mellitus and HbA1c ≥64 mmol/Mol: a group-based randomized controlled trial | Western Norway | Adults (all Caucasian) aged 18–55 with type 1 DM for at least 1 year and HbA1c ≥64 mmol/Mol | Prospective randomize control trial | 178 | Random assignment | Participants in the guided self-determination group training (GSD-GT) group exhibited a significant reduction in diabetes-related distress relative to the control group (CG) the GSD-GT group showed an increase in self-esteem relative to the CG. |
Güil Oumrait et al. | 2020 | Can self-determination explain dietary patterns among adults at risk of or with type 2 diabetes? A cross-sectional study in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas in Stockholm | Sweden | Adults at risk of and with type 2 diabetes from two socioeconomically disadvantaged Stockholm areas | Quantitative cross-sectional design | 147 | Purposive sampling | Two dietary patterns (healthy and unhealthy) were identified. The competence construct was most strongly associated with a healthy diet. Autonomous motivation and competence mediated the effect of relatedness on diet behaviour. In conclusion, social surroundings can promote adults at high risk of or with type 2 diabetes to sustain healthy diets by supporting their autonomous motivation and competence. |
|