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Author, year country, ref. | Sex (M/F) | Age (mean) | Study design | Study population and setting | Follow-up time | Intervention group | Control group |
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Crowley et al. (2013) (USA) [46] | 56/126 | 56 | RCT | African-American patients with type 2DM referring from the CHANGE study | 12 months | Monthly nurse telephone calls | Usual care |
Wong et al. (2005) (China) [23] | 32/20 | 61 | RCT | Patients with type 2DM, attending the endocrinology outpatient clinic at a regional hospital in Hong Kong | 24 weeks | Routine care plus bi/weekly assessment by nurse telephone calls | Routine care |
Aliha et al. (2012) (Iran) [54] | 16/15 | 50 | RCT | Patients with type 2DM, attending the endocrinology outpatient clinic of Imam Khomeini hospital | 12 weeks | Nurse telephone calls | Routine care |
Gatwood et al. (2016) (USA) [48] | 12/12 | 47 | RCT | Patients with type 2DM registered at a Western Michigan health system | 12 weeks | Nurse telephone calls | Routine care |
Soliman (2016) (Egypt) [32] | 13/17 | ā | Quasiexperimental | Patients with type 2DM attending the outpatient endocrinology unit of medical hospital in Mansoura city. | 12 weeks | Educational meetings by nurses and phone calls | Usual care |
Asante et al. (2020) (Ghana) [30] | 8/22 | 55 | RCT | Patients with type 2DM referring to the Diabetes Centre of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Kumasi | 12 weeks | Phone follow-up calls by a diabetes specialist nurse | Self-care education |
Kaur et al. (2015) (India) [47] | 21/19 | 51 | RCT | Patients with type 2DM referring to the outpatient clinic | 12 weeks | Nurse telephone calls | Routine care |
|