Epidemiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis in the Waikato Region of New Zealand: 2000-2019

Table 3

Odds ratio of ICU admission, recurrent DKA, and mortality within 12 months.

Factors	Being admitted to ICU	Having recurrent DKA	Dying within 12 months
Age at admission (continuous)	0.96 (0.94-0.98)	0.98 (0.97-0.99)	1.08 (1.06-1.10)
Gender
Female	Reference	Reference	Reference
Male	0.43 (0.23-0.79)	0.68 (0.47-0.98)	0.90 (0.40-2.02)
NZ deprivation quintile^1
1	Reference	Reference	Reference
2	0.37 (0.09-1.54)	1.76 (0.75-4.13)	1.23 (0.25-6.11)
3	0.77 (0.28-2.13)	1.07 (0.48-2.38)	0.45 (0.08-2.46)
4	0.63 (0.22-1.75)	1.17 (0.55-2.46)	0.56 (0.14-2.20)
5	0.69 (0.26-1.80)	1.27 (0.62-2.62)	0.52 (0.14-1.92)
Rurality
Urban	Reference	Reference	Reference
Rural	2.16 (1.17-3.99)	1.38 (0.89-2.13)	0.52 (0.18-1.47)
Ethnicity
Non-Māori	Reference	Reference	Reference
Māori	1.40 (0.74-2.65)	1.95 (1.27-3.00)	1.56 (0.63-3.86)
Year (continuous)	1.06 (1.00-1.12)	0.94 (0.91-0.97)	1.10 (1.01-1.19)
Type of admission
Non-recurrent	Reference	—	Reference
Recurrent	0.66 (0.34-1.28)	—	0.52 (0.22-1.21)

¹Quintile 1 represents the least deprivation, and quintile 5 represents the highest deprivation. , , and . DKA = diabetic ketoacidosis; ICU = intensive care unit.