Association of Obesity Indices with Diabetic Kidney Disease and Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study

Table 2

Associations between obesity indices and the prevalence of DKD or DR in the logistic regression models.

Variables		DKD		DR
BMI	Base	1.052 (1.058,1.090)	0.005	0.967 (0.931,1.004)	0.078
	Modify 1	1.050 (1.008,1.094)	0.020	0.986 (0.944,1.029)	0.513
	Modify 2	1.025 (0.981,1.070)	0.275	0.988 (0.945,1.033)	0.587
WHR	Base	25.64 (4.148,158.473)	<0.05	1.080 (0.173,6.735)	0.935
	Modify 1	10.97 (1.250,96.267)	0.031	0.842 (0.096,7.415)	0.877
	Modify 2	3.18 (0.335,30.209)	0.314	0.920 (0.099,8.556)	0.941
VFA	Base	1.006 (1.003,1.009)	<0.05	0.996 (0.993,0.999)	0.023
	Modify 1	1.005 (1.001,1.008)	0.008	0.996 (0.993,1.000)	0.065
	Modify 2	1.002 (0.999,1.006)	0.207	0.996 (0.992,1.000)	0.060
SFA	Base	1.002 (1.000,1.004)	0.078	0.997 (0.995,0.999)	0.007
	Modify 1	1.002 (0.999,1.004)	0.168	0.998 (0.996,1.000)	0.106
	Modify 2	1.000 (0.998,1.002)	0.953	0.998 (0.995,1.000)	0.112

Abbreviations: DKD indicates diabetic kidney disease; DR: diabetic retinopathy; BMI: body mass index; WHR: waist to hip circumference ratio; VFA: visceral fat area; SFA: subcutaneous fat area. Model 1 adjusted for gender, HbA1c, TG, TC, HDL, LDL, smoking history, education, duration of diabetes, and insulin use. Model 2 adjusted for FCP.