ceAF Ameliorates Diabetic Wound Healing by Alleviating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2 Pathways

Figure 2

ceAF augments M2 macrophage polarization in vitro. (a) Flow cytometric analysis of M2 macrophage proportions after ceAF treatment in a time-dependent manner. (b) The quantified results of (a) are presented in a bar chart. (c) Immunofluorescence staining indicated that Arg-1⁺ cells were treated with LPS and LPS+ceAF at 48 and 72 h. Scale bar: 40 μm. (d) The quantified results of (c) are presented in a bar chart. (e) ELISA detection results of IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1, and IL-10. , . , .

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