Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Ratio Is Improved When Using a Digital, Nonmydriatic Fundus Camera Onsite in a Diabetes Outpatient Clinic
Table 2
Baseline parameters of prevalence and severity of retinopathy in persons with type 1 diabetes ().
Characteristics
DM 1 ( = 112)
DR preexisting = 34 (30.4%)
DR new = 6 (5.4%)
DR all = 40 (35.7%)
DR absent = 72 (64.3%)
Gender, (%)
Male
56 (50.0%)
20 (58.8%)
4 (66.7%)
24 (60.0%)
32 (44.4%)
Female
56 (50.0%)
14 (41.2%)
2 (33.3%)
16 (40.0%)
40 (55.6%)
Age, y
52 ± 17
64 ± 11
51 ± 11
62 ± 12
47 ± 17
<
Age, (%)
60 years
74 (66.1%)
13 (38.2%)
5 (83.3%)
18 (45.0%)
56 (77.8%)
<
80 years
3 (2.7%)
3 (8.8%)
0
3 (7.5%)
0
1.00
Diabetes duration, y
28 ± 15
40 ± 12
29 ± 8
38 ± 12
23 ± 13
<
10 years, (%)
12 (10.7%)
0
0
1.00
0
12 (16.7%)
11–19 years, (%)
24 (21.4%)
2 (5.9%)
1 (16.7%)
3 (7.5%)
21 (29.2%)
20 years, (%)
76 (67.9%)
32 (94.1%)
5 (83.3%)
37 (92.5%)
39 (54.2%)
<
Median time to last eye screening (months)
6.5 ± 7.6
4.2 ± 4.0
7.0 ± 3.1
0.12
4.7 ± 4.0
7.6 ± 8.9
Hypertension, (%)
59 (52.7%)
30 (88.2%)
4 (66.7%)
34 (85.0%)
25 (34.7%)
<
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg
135 ± 15
137 ± 16
146 ± 13
139 ± 16
133 ± 14
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg
81 ± 10
78 ± 10
91 ± 8
80 ± 11
81 ± 10
Statin therapy
51 (45.5%)
25 (73.5%)
2 (33.3%)
27 (67.5%)
24 (33.3%)
Biochemical characteristics
Total cholesterol level (mg/dL)
180 ± 35
169 ± 33
212 ± 42
175 ± 37
182 ± 33
HbA1c (%)
7.4 ± 1.1
7.1 ± 1.2
8.0 ± 1.2
7.2 ± 1.2
7.4 ± 1.1
DR = diabetic retinopathy, HDL = high density lipoprotein, and LDL = low density lipoprotein. = value DR preexisting versus DR new. = value DR all versus DR absent. = value DR new versus DR absent. Chi-square test (-test), -test.
