Research Article

An Investigation into the Antiobesity Effects of Morinda citrifolia L. Leaf Extract in High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats Using a 1H NMR Metabolomics Approach

Table 2

1H NMR assignments of metabolites in rat’s serum and urine.

MetabolitesAssignments Chemical shifts Samples

Urea NH25.78 (s)U

Phenylacetylglycine2,6-CH7.42 (m)U
3,5-CH, 7.57 (m)
7-CH7.65 (m)
10-CH7.84 (m)

TrigonellineγCH34.43 (s)U
C2H8.1 (m)
C4H8.8 (m)
C5H,9.1 (s)

HippurateCH2, 3.98 (d)U
CH7.54 (d)
CH7.65 (t)

AcetateCH31.93 (s)U, S

DimethylamineCH32.71 (s)U

Citrate1/2CH22.54 (d)U
1/2CH22.66 (d)

2-OxoglutarateCH22.45 (t)U
CH33.02 (t)

CreatinineCH3,3.06 (s)U
CH24.06 (s)

LactateCH3,1.34 (d)U, S
CH4.11 (dd)

Β-Glucose 1-CH4.66 (d)U, S

α-Glucose 1-CH5.22 (d)U, S

AllantoinCH5.38 (s)U

GlycineCH23.57 (s)U

TaurineCH2S,3.26 (t)U, S
CH2-N3.40 (t)

TMAO3.26 (s)U

AlanineβCH3,3.78 (dd)S
αCH1.48 (d)

PyruvateβCH32.38 (s)S

SuccinateCH2.41 (s)S

Acetoacetate CH32.27 (s)S

3-HydroxybutyrateγCH31.18 (d)S
βCH4.23 (m)
αCH22.31 (d)
αCH22.38 (dd)

2-HydroxyisobutyrateCH31.34 (s)S

Lipoprotein 0.89 (m)S

LDL/VLDLCH3CH2CH2C=1.2–1.30 (m)S

s: singlet; d: doublet; t: triplet; dd: doublet of doublets; m: multiplet.
S: serum; U: urine.