Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Two Kenyan Facilities: A National Referral and a Level Five Hospital
Table 1
Primers utilised for PCR amplification of ESBL-associated resistant genes in clinical isolates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae in this study.
Primer name
Sequence (5′-3′)
Target ESBL gene
Amplicon size (bp)
MultiTSO-T_forward
CATTTCCGTGTCGCCCTTATTC
TEM including TEM-1 and TEM-2
800
MultiTSO-T_reverse
CGTTCATCCATAGTTGCCTGAC
MultiTSO-S_forward
AGCCGCTTGAGCAAATTAAAC
SHV-including SHV-1
713
MultiTSO-S_reverse
ATCCCGCAGATAAATCACCAC
MultiTSO-O_forward
GGCACCAGATTCAACTTTCAAG
OXA-1, OXA-4 and OXA-30
564
MultiTSO-O_reverse
GACCCCAAGTTTCCTGTAAGTG
MultiCTXMGp1_forward
TTAGGA AATGTGCCGCTGCA
CTX-M-1, CTX-M-3 and CTX-M-15
688
MultiCTXMGp1-2_reverse
CGATATCGTTGGTGGTGC CAT
MultiCTXMGp2_forward
CGTTAACGGCACGATGAC
CTX-M-2
404
MultiCTXMGp1-2_reverse
CGATATCGTTGGTGGTGCCAT
MultiCTXMGp9_forward
TCA AGCCTGCCGATCTGGT
CTX-M-9 and CTX-M-14
561
MultiCTXMGp9_reverse
TGATTCTCGCCGCTGAAG
CTX-Mg8/25_forward
AACACACAGACGCTCTAC
CTX-M-8, CTX-M-25, CTX-M-26 and CTX-M-39 to CTX-M-41