Status of Biomass Derived Carbon Materials for Supercapacitor Application

Table 2

The capacitance, energy density, and surface area of porous carbon derived from different plant wastes.

Precursor	Activation agent	(°C)	(m^2 g^−1)	Capacitance; (F g^−1)	()	Stability	(A g^−1)	Electrolyte	Reference
Waste coffee beans	ZnCl2	900	1019	368	20		5	1 M H2SO4	[32]
Sunflower seed shell	KOH	800	1235	144	4.8		10	30 wt.% KOH	[33]
Banana fibers	ZnCl2	800	1097	74		88 (at 500 cycles)	0.5	1 M Na2SO4	[25]
Sugarcane bagasse	ZnCl2	900	1788	300	10	83% (at 5000 cycles)	0.05–50	1 M H2SO4	[34]
Coffee shells	ZnCl2	900	842	158	10		1	6 M KOH	[35]
Neem leaves			1230	400	55		0.5	1 M H2SO4	[36]
Corn grains			3420	257	—			6 M KOH	[37]
Sorghum pith	NaOH		35	320	—		10	1 M H2SO4	[38]
Cotton stalk	H3PO4	800	1481	114		95.3 (500 cycles)	2	1 M Et4NBF4	[39]
Coconut kernel	KOH	600	1200	173	—			1 M H2SO4	[40]
Rice husk	ZnCl2		1442	243	—			6 M KOH	[41]
Bamboo	Steam		1025	60	—	91% (at 3000)		1 M Et4NBF4	[42]
Recycled paper	KOH		416	180	—	97 (at 2300 cycles)	2	6 M KOH	[43]
Coconut shell	Steam	800	1532	228	38.5	93% (at 2000 cycles)	5	6 M KOH	[44]
Pistachio shells	KOH/CO2	780	2145	122	—	77 (at 200 cycles)		0.5 M H2SO4	[45]
Waste tea leaves	KOH		2841	350	—	92% (at 2000 cycles)	1	KOH	[46]
Water hyacinth	KOH/microwave assisted		1010	179.6	—	94% (at 1000 cycles)		30 wt.% KOH	[47]
Water hyacinth	ZnCl2		579.94	472	9.5			1 M H2SO4	[48]
Water hyacinth	KOH	800	1308	273	7.24	75% (at 10000 cycles)	1	6 M KOH	[49]
Celtuce leaves	KOH		3400	273	—	93.1% (at 1600 cycles)			[40]
Tobacco stem	KOH		3326.7	190	—			1 M LiPF6-EC/DMC/DEC	[38]
Tobacco rods	KOH	800		286.6	31.3			6 M KOH	[50]
Hemp back	KOH	800	2287	106	19		10	1-Butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide	[51]
Argan seed shells	KOH		2100	335	—	93% (at 1000 cycles)	1	1 M H2SO4	[52]
Brussel sprouts	KOH	800	2410	255	—	99.5 (at 5000 cycles)	0.5	6 M KOH	[53]

Activation temperature, BET surface area, energy density, current density, two-electrode cell, and three-electrode cell.