Agrofood Waste and By-Product Valorization, Extraction, and Characterization of Pectin from the Waste Biomass Fruit Peel of Aframomum angustifolium Using Response Surface Methodology as Alternative Sources of a Functional Pectin

Table 4

Central composite rotatable design and response results for microwave-assisted extraction.

Experimental runs	Experimental factors			Responses
	X1	X2	X3	Y1	Y2
	Power (W)	pH of acid	Time (min)	% yield	% DegE
1	550	2	30	6.60	60.6
2	550	2	30	7.00	61.3
3	500	1	40	6.67	55.1
4	500	3	40	5.67	65.7
5	600	1	20	4.33	61.8
6	600	3	40	5.60	68.1
7	600	1	40	7.43	58.1
8	550	2	13.2	1.43	60.1
9	634.1	2	30	6.00	57.2
10	550	3.68	30	5.13	62.4
11	500	1	20	5.00	52.9
12	550	2	46.8	6.53	60.8
13	500	3	20	4.87	57.6
14	600	3	20	5.07	58
15	550	0.32	30	6.60	50.7
16	465.9	2	30	4.67	60.4

X ₁ = power (W), X₂ = pH, X₃ = time (min), Y₁ = pectin yield (%), and Y₂ = degree of esterification (%).