Local Resistances of Gas–Liquid Two-Phase Flows in Vertical L-Shaped and Z-Shaped Pipes

Table 1

Results of grid-independence validation.

Type of pipes	Grid numbers	ξ	η	Type of pipes	Grid numbers	ξ	η
L-shaped	540,000	0.129	0.743	Z-shaped	1010,000	0.448	0.069
L-shaped	710,000	0.066	0.108	Z-shaped	1310,000	0.481	0
L-shaped	910,000	0.068	0.081	Z-shaped	1700,000	0.478	0.006
L-shaped	1180,000	0.074	—	Z-shaped	2210,000	0.481	—