Comparison of Water Defluoridation Using Different Techniques

Table 4

Amount of fluoride level in groundwater of several nations.

Country	Region/province/city	Fluoride level (mg/L)	Ref.
Ethiopia	South Ethiopian	Shallow wells: 0.5–1.29; deep wells: 0.48–5.61	[93]
Malawi	South Malawi	1.5–6	[94]
Iran	West Azerbaijan	Warm seasons: 0.01–3; cold seasons: 0.01–4	[95]
Iran	Poldasht	0.27–10.3	[96]
India	Peddavagu	0.6–3.6	[97]
India	Telangana	0.4–2.2	[98]
Thailand	Lamphun and Northern Thailand	0.01–14.12	[99]
China	Northern Anhui Province	0.55–2.06	[100]
China	Semiarid	0.11–6.33	[101]
China	Northwestern China	0.12–13.30	[102]
Sweden	Kalmar	0.1–15.0	[103]
United States	–	0.7–4.0	[104]
Italy	Aosta Valley Region	0.03–1.14	[105]
Nigeria	Southwestern Nigeria	Mean:1.23	[106]
Ghana	Upper East Region of Ghana	0.5–4.6	[107]
Mexico	Central region in Mexico	0.56–1.60	[108]
Pakistan	Sindh and Punjab	0.1–3.9, and 0.1–10.3	[109]
Sudan	Tiraat El-Bijah and Um Duwanban	0.45–1.36	[110]
Tanzania	East African Rift	0.5–10	[111]
Argentina	Del Azul Creek basin	Above 1.5	[112]
Benin	Central Benin	1.5–3.02	[113]