Aqueous and Methanol Extracts of Paullinia pinnata (Sapindaceae) Improve Monosodium Urate-Induced Gouty Arthritis in Rat: Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Effects

Figure 5

Effects of the aqueous (AEPP) and methanol (MEPP) extracts of Paullinia pinnata on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the serum (Figures 4(a) and 4(b)), spinal cord (Figures 4(c) and 4(d)), right hemisphere (Figures 5(e and f)), and left hemisphere (Figures 5(g and h)) of MSU-injected rats. Allopurinol (5 mg/kg/day) serves as a positive control for antigouty effects. SOD activity significantly increased after treatment with allopurinol, AEPP (100 and 200), and MEPP (100 and 200) in the serum (a and b). Only the AEPP 100 and the MEPP (100 and 200) significantly increase SOD activity in the spinal cord (c and d). Both the AEPP (100 and 200) and the MEPP (100 and 200) fail to increase SOD activity in the right hemisphere (e and f). The AEPP 200 and allopurinol significantly reverse MSU-induced SOD exhaustion in the left hemisphere (g and h). Each bar represents the mean ± SEM of 6 individual rats, , , ; significant difference compared to the negative control group (MSU + DMSO) using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s posttest. , , ; significant difference compared to the sham group using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s posttest.

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