HIV Virologic Failure among Patients with Persistent Low-Level Viremia in Nairobi, Kenya: It Is Time to Review the >1000 Virologic Failure Threshold

Table 2

Baseline characteristics of patients with PLLV (categorical variables) between 2015 and 2021 at Kenyatta National Hospital.

Variables	Frequency	%
	Age group
1 to 9	42	6.0
10 to 19	43	6.1
20 to 24	22	3.1
25 to 30	31	4.4
31 to 40	127	18.0
41 to 50	240	34.0
51 and above	200	28.4
Age description
Child	42	6.0
Adolescent	43	6.1
Youth	22	3.1
Older adults	598	84.8
Gender
Male	317	45.0
Female	388	55.0
Education
None	4	0.6
Preschool	16	2.3
Primary	133	18.9
Secondary	156	22.1
Postsecondary	88	12.5
Not documented	308	43.6
Marital status
Child	63	8.9
Single	163	23.1
Married	358	50.8
Separated/divorced	40	5.7
Widowed	49	7.0
Not documented	32	4.5
Age at HIV diagnosis
1 to 9	74	10.4
10 to 19	18	2.5
20 to 29	57	8.1
30 to 39	133	18.9
40 to 49	71	10.1
50 and above	28	4.0
Not documented	324	46.0
Years positive
0 to 5	58	8.2
6 to 10	140	19.9
11 and above	194	27.5
Not documented	313	44.4
Baseline WHO stage
Stage 1	244	34.6
Stage 2	95	13.5
Stage 3	155	22.0
Stage 4	59	8.4
Not documented	152	21.5
Baseline viral load
Nondetectable	263	37.3
20 to 999	281	39.9
1000 and above	161	22.8
TB history
Yes	106	15.0
No	599	85.0
OI history
Yes	555	78.7
No	150	21.3
PCP
Yes	4	0.6
No	701	99.4
Cryptococcal disease
Yes	4	0.6
No	701	99.4
Oral candidiasis
Yes	32	4.5
No	673	95.5
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Yes	3	0.4
No	702	99.6
Other cancers
Yes	15	2.1
No	690	97.9
Hypertension
Yes	92	13.0
No	613	87.0
Diabetes
Yes	23	3.3
No	682	96.7
Renal disease
Yes	22	3.1
No	683	96.9
IPT status
Completed	401	56.9
Deferred	137	19.4
Start	21	3.0
Continuing	35	5.0
Declined	10	1.4
Defaulted	4	0.6
Not documented	97	13.7
Start VL at PLLV
20 to 199	532	75.5
200 to 499	113	16.0
599 to 999	60	8.5
Start regimen
2NRTI+1PI/r	133	18.9
2NRTI+1NNRTI	545	77.3
2NRTI+1INSTI	27	3.8
Switched regimen at PLLV
Yes	329	46.7
No	376	53.3
Baseline CD4
<500	103	14.6
≥500	28	4.0
Not documented	574	81.4