Clinical Clues to Differentiate between Dermatophyte Onychomycosis (DP-OM) and Dermatophytoma-Like Traumatic Onychodystrophy (DP-TO)

Table 3

Comparison of histopathology of nail of dermatophytoma and dermatophytoma-like onychodystrophy.

Characteristic	Number (%)
	Dermatophytoma onychomycosis ()	Dermatophytoma-like traumatic nail dystrophy ()	value
Parakeratosis	11 (84.6)	19 (82.6)	0.124
Location of parakeratosis			0.360
Upper	0 (0)	2 (8.7)
Lower (subungual)	2 (15.4)	1 (4.3)
Both upper and lower	11 (84.6)	20 (87.0)
Hemorrhage	0 (0)	0 (0)	—
Serous lake	5 (38.5)	2 (8.7)	0.073
Neutrophil infiltration	1 (7.7)	0 (0)	0.361
Presence of bacteria	9 (69.2)	17 (73.9)	0.678
Fungal hyphae invading inside nail plate
No	3 (23.1)	23 (100.0)	<0.001
Scatter	7 (53.8)	0 (0)
Clumping fungal hyphae	3 (23.1)	0 (0)