Shrunken Pore Syndrome Is Associated with Renal Function Decline in Female Patients with Kidney Diseases

Table 2

Cox regression analysis for ESRD according to the presence or absence of SPS. The number of event/sample population and percentage are displayed in each group analyzed.

Groups (events/no.)	Overall (24/536)		Male (15/262)		Female (9/274)		IgAN (21/414)		MN (3/122)
Models	HR (95% CI)		HR (95% CI)		HR (95% CI)		HR (95% CI)		HR (95% CI)
Unadjusted	3.91; (1.45, 10.55)	0.01	2.39; (0.67~8.59)	0.18	8.59; (1.67~44.27)	0.01	3.50; (1.17~10.51)	0.02	6.61; (0.60~73.07)	0.12
Model 1	3.85; (1.42, 10.41)	0.01	2.69; (0.74~9.75)	0.13	8.59; (1.67~44.27)	0.01	3.60; (1.19~10.85)	0.02	6.61; (0.60~73.07)	0.12
Model 2	3.14; (1.11, 8.88)	0.03	2.40; (0.66~8.70)	0.18	8.59; (1.67~44.27)	0.01	2.54; (0.75~8.60)	0.13	6.61; (0.60~73.07)	0.12
Model 3	3.66; (1.24, 10.84)	0.02	2.74; (0.75~10.02)	0.13	8.59; (1.67~44.27)	0.01	3.30; (0.89~12.17)	0.07	6.61; (0.60~73.07)	0.12
Model 4	1.70; (0.47, 6.13)	0.42	6.39; (0.92~44.10)	0.06	0.21; (0.02~2.50)	0.22	8.35; (2.10~33.26)	0.003	Not convergent	/

Model 1 was adjusted for basic demographics—age, sex, and MAP (mean arterial blood pressure); Model 2 was further adjusted for follow-up treatments—ACEi/ARB, glucocorticoids, and immunosuppressants; Model 3 was further adjusted for kidney pathology—presence of glomerulosclerosis, crescents, and pathology diagnosis; Model 4 was further adjusted for laboratory results—baseline eGFR, bicarbonate, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, total cholesterol, serum potassium, natrium, chloride, calcium, phosphate, hemoglobin, albumin, fibrinogen, and lgUALB (log value of urine albumin concentration). ESRD: end-stage renal disease; SPS, shrunken pore syndrome; HR: hazard ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; IgAN: IgA nephropathy; MN: membranous nephropathy.