Using Artificial Intelligence Resources in Dialysis and Kidney Transplant Patients: A Literature Review

Table 1

AI studies involved in HD, PD, and KT, respectively.

Stage G5 CKD	Clinical issue	No.	Studies	No.	Ref.
HD
a	Dialysis services	7	Bellazzi 2005, Raghavan 2005, Tangri 2006, Jacob 2010, Titapiccolo 2013, Saadat 2017, Usvyat 2018	43	[13–17, 74, 75]
b	Dialysis procedure	14	Nordio 1994, Nordio 1995, Guh 1998, Akl 2001, Goldfarb-Rumyantzev 2003, Gabutti 2004, Chiu 2005, Fernandez 2005, Mancini 2007, Cadena 2010, Azar 2011, Niel 2018, Barbieri 2019, Hueso 2019		[20–23, 76–78]; [7, 18, 19, 25, 79–81]
c	Anemia management	13	Martin Guerrero 2003, Martin Guerrero 2003, Gabutti 2006, Gaweda 2008, Gaweda 2008, Fuertinger 2013, Escandel-Montero 2014, Barbieri 2015, Barbieri 2016, Barbieri 2016, Brier 2016, Brier 2018, Bucalo 2018		[26–28, 30–34]; [29, 35, 82, 83]
d	Hormonal & dietary	6	Gabutti 2004, Wang 2006, Chen 2007, Bhan 2010, Nigwekar 2014, Rodriguez 2016		[20, 36–40]
e	AV fistula	3	Chen 2014, Bhatia 2018, Chao 2018		[41–43]
PD
a	Peritoneal technique	5	Zhang 2005, Chen 2006, Tangri 2011, Brito 2019, John 2019	8	[44–48]
b	Infections	1	Zhang 2017		[49]
c	Cardiovascular events	2	Rodriguez 2017, Fernandez- Lozano 2018		[50, 51]
KT
a	Healthcare management	2	Sharma 2008, Karademirci 2015	18	[52, 53]
b	Rejection prediction	11	Simic-Ogrizovic 1999, Fritsche 2002, Santori 2007, Greco 2010, Brown 2012, Decruyenaere 2015, Srinivas 2017, Yoo 2017, Gallon 2018, Jia 2018, Rashidi Khazaee 2018		[54, 56–62, 84–86]
c	Tacrolimus post-T	4	Seeling 2012, Tang 2017, Niel 2018, Thishya 2018		[55, 63, 64, 87]
d	Dietary	1	Stachowska 2006		[65]