Safety Assessment of High- and Low-Molecular-Weight Hyaluronans (Profhilo®) as Derived from Worldwide Postmarketing Data

Table 4

Recommendations in case of AEs occurring after dermal filler injection, according to the most recent guidelines.

AEs	Treatment
Early onset (<72 hours)
(i) Bruising, edema, bleeding, redness, swelling	Cold compresses, no exercise for 24 h
(ii) Tyndall effect	Hyaluronidaseand massage
(iii) Lumping, superficial placement	Hyaluronidaseand massage
(iv) Abscess	Antibiotic (amoxicillin+clavulanate; cephalexin; ciprofloxacin); incision and drainage
Late onset (>72 hours)
(i) Displacement	Hyaluronidase
(ii) Nodule	Hyaluronidase ; antibiotic therapy (clarithromycin+moxifloxacin; ciprofloxacin; minocycline) and steroid (in case of infection); excision
(iii) Biofilm	Antibiotic therapy after culture
(iv) Granuloma	Hyaluronidase ; antibiotic therapy (clarithromycin+moxifloxacin; ciprofloxacin; minocycline) and steroid (in case of infection); incision and drainage

(Adapted from Signorini et al. 2016 and W.G. Philipp-Dormston et al. 2017). From 10 to 20 U single injection up to four injection points according to the extension of the area.