A Follow-Up Study of Motor Skill Development and Its Determinants in Preschool Children from Middle-Income Family

Table 3

TGMD test scores of motor skills.

Test item	Baseline test		Testing after one year		Annual growth value						Annual growth rate (%)
	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male			Female			Male	Female
					Average annual growth value	95% CI		Average annual growth value	95% CI
	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD		Lower bound	Upper bound		Lower bound	Upper bound
Run	6.33 ± 1.93	6.19 ± 2.14	7.00 ± 1.56	7.01 ± 1.26	0.67	0.26	1.09	0.82	0.41	1.22	10.70	13.20
Gallop	4.71 ± 2.61	4.26 ± 2.72	4.94 ± 2.74	5.55 ± 2.21	0.22	-0.46	1.09	1.29	0.76	1.82	4.70	30.20
Side	6.04 ± 2.36	5.98 ± 2.57	6.33 ± 2.02	6.86 ± 1.66	0.29	-0.20	0.78	0.88	0.41	1.35	4.90	14.70
Skip	2.51 ± 2.20	3.01 ± 2.21	3.45 ± 2.16	4.07 ± 2.13	0.94	0.44	1.45	1.06	0.63	1.49	37.70	35.40
Horizontal jump	4.29 ± 1.73	4.27 ± 1.93	4.98 ± 1.89	5.30 ± 1.80	0.69	0.23	1.15	1.04	0.63	1.44	16.10	24.30
Hop	3.04 ± 2.19	3.45 ± 2.00	4.17 ± 2.25	4.39 ± 2.20	1.13	0.63	1.64	0.94	0.51	1.38	37.30	27.30
Overhand throw	3.12 ± 2.05	2.89 ± 2.00	4.16 ± 1.86	3.83 ± 1.78	1.04	0.55	1.53	0.94	0.55	1.33	33.30	32.70
Underhand throw	2.40 ± 1.88	2.13 ± 1.55	3.14 ± 1.77	2.85 ± 1.83	0.74	0.34	1.14	0.71	0.38	1.04	30.70	33.30
Catch	2.93 ± 1.57	2.89 ± 1.68	3.40 ± 1.68	3.50 ± 1.86	0.47	0.09	0.85	0.61	0.26	0.95	16.00	20.90
Dribble	1.99 ± 2.13	2.16 ± 2.27	3.46 ± 2.31	3.40 ± 2.21	1.47	0.98	1.96	1.24	0.82	1.66	73.70	57.30
One-hand forehand strike	0.95 ± 1.29	0.83 ± 1.17	1.95 ± 1.86	1.45 ± 1.76	1.00	0.61	1.39	0.62	0.27	0.97	105.00	74.60
Two-hand strike	4.10 ± 2.39	3.51 ± 2.49	3.94 ± 2.62	3.83 ± 2.85	-0.17	-0.72	0.38	0.32	-0.21	0.84	-4.10	9.00
Kick	3.56 ± 1.53	3.50 ± 1.47	4.84 ± 1.91	4.77 ± 1.83	1.29	0.87	1.70	1.27	0.90	1.65	36.20	36.40
Locomotor skills	26.91 ± 9.17	27.15 ± 9.80	30.87 ± 7.78	33.18 ± 6.64	3.96	2.05	5.87	6.03	4.49	7.56	14.70	22.20
Object-control skills	19.06 ± 8.69	17.94 ± 8.56	24.89 ± 9.10	23.63 ± 9.14	5.83	4.01	7.66	5.69	4.31	7.07	30.60	31.70
Overall	45.97 ± 16.34	45.10 ± 16.92	55.76 ± 7.62	56.82 ± 6.89	9.79	6.53	13.06	11.72	9.34	14.09	21.30	26.00

SD, Standard deviation; CI, Confidence interval.