Autophagy Suppresses Toll-Like Receptor 3-Mediated Inflammatory Reaction in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes

Figure 2

(a) Keratinocytes were transduced with recombinant adenovirus expressing green fluorescent protein-light chain 3 (GFP-LC3) overnight. After changing the medium, the cells were further incubated with fresh growth medium for 1 day. The cells were then treated with 1 μg/mL of poly (I:C) for the indicated time points. Autophagic LC3 puncta were observed under fluorescent microscopy. Autophagy was induced by poly (I:C) in a time-dependent manner. (b) Keratinocytes were treated with poly (I:C) for the indicated time points. The LC3 level was determined by western blot. Poly (I:C) increased the LC3-II level, indicating that autophagy was induced. (c) Effect of poly (I:C) on inflammasome-related molecules. Poly (I:C) increased the protein level of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), and caspase 1.

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