Congenital Aplasia of the Common Carotid Artery: A Comprehensive Review

Figure 7

Status and branches of the interrupted (IAA) and double (DAA) aortic arches in cases of the unilateral and bilateral aplasia of the common carotid artery (CCA). ^aModified schema of the IAA [82]. ^bModified schema of the DAA [39]; Malacarne, 1784 [40], cited by Andrews and Howard [6]. Note: Capital letter(s) in the square parenthesis indicate the vessel(s) originating from the descending aorta; other letters indicate the vessels branched from the arch of the aorta. PT, pulmonary trunk; B, brachiocephalic trunk; S (S^∗), left (right) subclavian artery; C^∗, right commmon carotid artery; V, left vertebral artery; DA, descending aorta; I (I^∗), left (right) internal carotid artery; E(E^∗), left (right) external carotid artery.