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| First author, year | Pathogen species | Probiotic(s) | Method | Outcome | Potential use for humans |
|
| Valdez, 2005 [61]# | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 10241 | Coculturing | Greatest inhibitory activity with whole culture, somewhat lower inhibition with acid filtrate | Local treatment of burn infections |
|
| Jones, 2010 [63] | Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, P. aeruginosa, MRSA, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum | Lactobacillus fermentum NCIMB 7230 | Agar-well diffusion method | Nitric oxide-producing patch with probiotic, killed all common bacterial and fungal wound pathogens | Antimicrobial applications for infected wounds |
|
| Thomas, 2011 [64] | S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, Candida albicans | Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55730, Lactobacillus casei, L. plantarum | Triphasic PLUS wound model | Different efficiency of probiotics against different pathogens | Potential benefit of wound colonization with single or mixed probiotics |
|
| Varma, 2011 [65] | S. aureus, P. aeruginosa | L. fermentum | Coculturing and well diffusion assay | Both pathogens were successfully inhibited | Inhibition of common wound pathogens |
|
| Prince, 2012 [66] | S. aureus | L. reuteri ATCC 55730, Lactobacillus rhamnosus AC413 | Cell culture | Inhibited adherence of pathogen to keratinocytes | Topical prophylaxis in preventing skin infection |
|
| Ramos, 2012, [67] | P. aeruginosa | L. plantarum ATCC 10241 supernatant | Culturing pathogen with probiotic supernatant | Antipathogenic properties | Infected chronic wounds |
|
| Shu, 2013 [68]# | MRSA USA300 | Propionibacterium acnes ATCC6919 extract | Agar spot with propionic acid | Effective inhibition of pathogen | Skin health |
|
| Mohammedsaed, 2014 [69] | S. aureus | Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG lysate and spent culture supernatant | Normal human epidermal keratinocyte suspension | Inhibition of pathogen growth and reduction of pathogen adhesion | Damaged skin |
|
| Al-Malkey, 2017 [70] | P. aeruginosa | L. rhamnosus GG, L. acidophilus | Well diffusion assay | Antimicrobial effect of probiotic bacteriocins against burn wound pathogen | Preventing hospital-acquired infections |
|
| Lopez, 2017 [71] | E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, Propionibacterium acnes, Propionibacterium aeruginosa | Supernatants of Lactobacillus delbrueckii DSMZ 20081, Bifidobacterium animalis CHR Hansen Bb 12, L. acidophilus La-5, L-10, L-26, Bifidobacterium lactis B-94, Bifidobacterium longum DSMZ 20088, L. plantarum 226v, Lactobacillus brevis D-24, Lactobacillus salivarius DSMZ 20555, L. casei DSMZ 20021, CHR Hansen 01, 431 | Well diffusion assay; attachment assay | Prevent biofilm formation and exhibited antimicrobial activity against skin pathogens | Topical application for skin dysbiosis |
|
| Chan, 2018 [72] | Enterobacter hormaechei, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii | L. reuteri SD2112 | Coculturing | Differential gene response, pili formation, cell attachment | Polymicrobial wound infections |
|
| Li, 2018 [73] | P. aeruginosa, S. aureus | L. acidophilus CL1285, L. casei LBC80R, L. rhamnosus CLR2 | Probiotic encapsulation and coculturing with pathogens | Encapsulated probiotics in combination with antibiotics results in complete eradication of pathogens | For topical coadministration with antibiotics |
|
| Onbas, 2018 [74] | P. aeruginosa, MRSA | L. plantarum F-10 (a promising probiotic strain), cell-free extract | Agar-well diffusion assay, biofilm formation, coaggregation, quorum-sensing | Antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, antiquorum-sensing activity | Against skin infections |
|
| Soleymanzaheh, 2018 [75] | P. aeruginosa | L. reuteri DSM17938, L. acidophilus DSM, Bacillus coagulans DSM1, L. plantarum 299v, DSM9843, Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM20456 | Disc diffusion method | Some probiotics and antibiotics exhibited synergistic effects; other combinations exhibited antagonistic effect | Possible use of certain probiotics with certain antibiotics to create synergistic effects on wound healing. |
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