Antimicrobial Resistance Factors of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Cattle Farms and Raw Beef in North-West Province, South Africa

Table 1

Oligonucleotide primer sequences used for amplification of 16S rRNA universal, uspA, uidA, and ntrA genes and PCR cycling conditions used.

Primers	Sequence (5′–3′)	Targeted gene	Amplicon size (bp)	PCR conditions and cycles	Reference
27F	AGAGTTTGATCATGGCTCAG	16S rRNA	1420	1 cycle of 3 minutes at 94°C, 25 cycles of 1 minute at 94°C, 1 minute at 55°C, 2 minutes at 72°C; 1 cycle of 10 minutes at 72°C	[21]
1492R	GGTACCTTGTTACGACTT
uspAF	CCGATACGCTGCCAATCAGT	uspA	884	1 cycle of 5 minutes at 95°C, 30 cycles of 30 seconds at 94°C, 30 seconds at 56°C, 30 seconds at 72°C; 1 cycle of 5 minutes at 72°C	[22]
uspAR	ACGCAGACCGTAGGCCAGAT
uidAF	CTGGTATCAGCGCGAAGTCT	uidA	556	1 cycle of 10 minutes at 95°C, 35 cycles of 45 seconds at 95°C, 30 seconds at 59°C, 1 minute 30 seconds at 72°C; 1 cycle of 10 minutes at 72°C	[23]
uidAR	AGCGGGTAGATATCACACTC
ntrA	CATCTCGATCTGCTGGCCAA	ntrA	90	1 cycle of 10 minutes at 95°C, 35 cycles of 45 seconds at 95°C, 30 seconds at 55°C, 1 minute 30 seconds at 72°C; 1 cycle of 10 minutes at 72°C
ntrA	GCGCGGATCCAGCGATTGGA