The Association of Perioperative Serum Lactate Levels with Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Trauma Patients
Table 1
Demographic and perioperative data.
Delirium group (n = 170)
Nondelirium group (n = 276)
value
Age (y)
72.9 ± 6.0
73.1 ± 6.4
0.25
Sex (M/F)
96/74
139/137
0.16
Weight (kg)
58.5 ± 7.9
59.3 ± 6.4
0.66
ASA (I/II/III/IV)
8/89/73
42/162/72
<0.01
Alcohol abuse history
44 (25.9)
41 (14.9)
<0.01
Delirium history
60 (35.3)
40 (14.5)
<0.01
Hypertension history
150 (88.2)
222 (80.4)
0.03
Polypharmacy (≥5 medications)
79 (46.5)
75 (27.2)
<0.01
Glasgow Coma Scale
13.60 ± 0.8
13.7 ± 0.7
0.67
Mechanism of injury
<0.01
Fall
16 (9.4)
4 (1.4)
Penetrating trauma
45 (26.5)
4 (12.7)
Blunting trauma
8 (4.7)
15 (5.4)
Motor vehicle collision
60 (35.3)
40 (14.5)
Others
41 (24.1)
182 (65.9)
Duration of surgery (min)
400.1 ± 154.5
239.1 ± 111.3
<0.01
Duration of anesthesia (min)
429.6 ± 160.5
301.9 ± 111.0
<0.01
PCA volume (mL)
58.6 ± 5.3
57.0 ± 4.7
0.02
Time from admission to surgery (h)
9.9 ± 7.4
18.8 ± 6.2
<0.01
Intraoperative transfusion (units)
2.9 ± 2.0
0.9 ± 1.6
<0.01
Intraoperative fluid amount (mL)
2500 ± 950
1200 ± 450
<0.01
Hemoglobin level 1 h after surgery (g/dL)
10.7 ± 1.4
10.8 ± 1.0
0.25
Serum lactate level on admission (mM/L)
2.43 ± 0.54
1.90 ± 0.59
<0.01
Serum lactate level 1 h after surgery (mM/L)
2.60 ± 0.76
1.93 ± 0.67
<0.01
Change of lactate level (%)
−11.7 ± 36.7
−5.1 ± 43.0
0.09
Vasoactive agents used
Dopamine
210 (76.1)
44 (35.9)
<0.01
Norepinephrine or epinephrine
66 (23.9)
126 (74.1)
<0.01
ICU admission
74 (43.5)
67 (24.3)
<0.01
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or number (%) of patients. ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists, F: female, M: male, ICU: intensive care unit, and PCA: patient-controlled analgesia.
