Probiotic Species in the Modulation of Gut Microbiota: An Overview

Table 1

Some bacterial strains used in gut microbiota modulation.

Bacteria strains	Disease model	Disease	Outcomes	References
L. acidophilus	Eight-week-old male C57BL/mice	IBD	↑ IL-10, Treg; ↓ IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17	[15]
L. acidophilus (NCK2025)	Generation of TS4Cre × mice	CRC	↑ IL-10, IL-12; ↓ Treg	[16]
L. acidophilus	Female BALB/c mice	Crohn’s disease	↑ IL-17; ↓ Th17 function, IL-23	[17]
L. acidophilus	BALB/c mice	Ulcerative colitis	↑ Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria; ↓ S. aureus	[18]
L. casei BL23	Female C57BL/6 mice	CRC	↑ Th17, Th 22, IL-10, and IL-22; ↓ Treg	[19, 20]
L. fermentum FTDC 812	Eight week old BALB/c mice	Hypercholesterolemia	↑ Lactobacillus	[21]
L. johnsonii	Male C57BL/6 mice	Acute live injury	↑ IL-22, Lactobacillus	[22]
L. plantarum CCFM10, RS15-3	58 week BALB/c mice	Oxidative stress	↑ Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes	[23]
L. acidophilus; B. cereus, B. infantis	Eight week SPE male SD mice	Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	↑ E. coli, Enterococcus,; ↓ Bifidobacteria, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus	[24]
L. acidophilus; L. rhamnosus, B. bifidum	Eight week C57BL/6 mice	Type 2 diabetes	↑ Firmicutes, Actinobacteria; ↓ Bacteroidetes	[25]
B. breve IPLA20004	Human colon	Inflammatory	↑ IL-8, IL-10, IL-12	[26]
E. coli Nissle 1917	Male C57BL/6J mice	Chronic inflammation	↑ IL-10, tight-junction; ↓ IL-17	[27]
S. boulardii	Adult BALB/c mice	Acute liver failure	↑ Bacteroidetes; ↓ Firmicutes, Proteobacteria	[28]
S. boulardii	Six week C57BL/6 mice	Type 2 diabetes	↑ Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Fibrobacteria	[29]
E. hirae	C57BL/6J mice	Cancer	↑ Th 17 cell response	[30]