The Outcomes of Minimally Invasive versus Open Posterior Approach Spinal Fusion in Treatment of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis: The Current Evidence from Prospective Comparative Studies

Table 3

The summary of outcomes of included studies.

Authors	Ghahreman et al.	Wang et al.	Archavlis and Carvi y Nievas	Kotani et al.	Parker et al.
Operative time (mins)	MI: 236 ± 68; OP: 213 ± 67	MI: 156 ± 32; OP: 145 ± 27	MI: 220 ± 48; OP: 190 ± 65	MI: 172 ± 33; OP: 176 ± 37	MI: 284 ± 95; OP: 230 ± 67
EBL	—	MI: 264 ± 89; OP: 673 ± 145	MI: 185 ± 140; OP: 255 ± 468	MI: 184 ± 36; OP: 453 ± 243	MI: 233 ± 229; OP: 383 ± 305
Hospital stay	MI: 4 ± 1.58; OP: 6.67 ± 2.36	MI: 10.6 ± 2.5; OP: 14.6 ± 3.8	—	—	MI: 3 ± 1.53; OP: 4 ± 1.53
Back pain VAS	MI: 2.67 ± 3.14; OP: 2 ± 3.13	MI: 0.92 ± 0.5; OP: 1.1 ± 0.6	—	—	MI: 3.3 ± 2.9; OP: 3.6 ± 2.8
Leg pain VAS	MI: 1.33 ± 2.36; OP: 1.67 ± 3.13	—	—	—	MI: 3 ± 3; OP: 2.7 ± 2.6
ODI	—	MI: 10.8 ± 3.3; OP: 12.2 ± 3.9	—	MI: 12.8 ± 13.3; OP: 36.5 ± 12.9	MI: 11 ± 9.4; OP: 15.6 ± 10.3
SF-36 PCS	MI: 64.33 ± 40.98; OP: 56.67 ± 35.37	—	—	—	MI: 44.3 ± 11.2; OP: 41.3 ± 11.8
SF-36 MCS	MI: 76.67 ± 18.87; OP: 72.67 ± 36.16	—	—	—	MI: 54.5 ± 10.8; OP: 52 ± 10.1
Complications	MI: 0/25; OP: 2/27	MI: 4/42; OP: 3/43	MI: 7/24; OP: 7/25	—	MI: 3/50; OP: 4/50
Nonfusion	MI: 0/25; OP: 1/27	MI: 1/42; OP: 1/43	MI: 2/24; OP: 1/25	MI: 1/43; OP: 0/37	—
Secondary Surgery	—	MI: 2/42; OP: 1/43	MI: 2/24; OP: 2/25	—	MI: 2/50; OP: 3/50

MI: minimally invasive surgery group; OP: open surgery group; EBL: estimated blood loss; VAS: visual analog scale; ODI: Oswestry disability index; SF-36 PCS: Short Form-36 physical component scores; SF-36 MCS: Short Form-36 mental component scores.