Application of Intraoperative CT-Guided Navigation in Simultaneous Minimally Invasive Anterior and Posterior Surgery for Infectious Spondylitis

Figure 1

Intraoperative image demonstrating simultaneous anterior minimal access spinal surgery (MASS) and minimally invasive posterior spinal surgery. The trajectories of pedicle screws can be made by a registered drill guide and the iCT-guided navigation (a). The guidewire facilitates cannulated pedicle screw insertion (b). The consecutive anterior spinal surgery can be performed at the same position (c). The intraoperative navigation for MASS approach showing the site of infectious spondylitis and paraspinal structures (d).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)