Effects of Physical-Cognitive Dual Task Training on Executive Function and Gait Performance in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 2

Means and standard deviations of executive function variables obtained through RNG task before and after intervention in all testing conditions: single task (ST) and simple dual task (sDT) while flat walking and complex dual task (cDT) while walking with hurdles.

	Cognitive task (ST)	Simple gait-cognitive task (sDT)	Complex gait-cognitive task (cDT)
Inhibition (summary score)
Pre	0.00 ± 0.89	0.02 ± 0.88	0.01 ± 0.85
Post	−0.01 ± 0.93	−0.02 ± 0.90	−0.01 ± 0.90
Inhibition (DTE)
Pre	/	0.02 ± 0.56	0.00 ± 0.61
Post	/	0.00 ± 0.61	0.01 ± 0.60
Working memory (summary score)
Pre	0.01 ± 0.97	0.02 ± 0.90	−0.01 ± 0.84
Post	0.05 ± 0.53	0.03 ± 0.83	0.00 ± 0.43
Working memory (DTE)
Pre		0.03 ± 1.03
Post

DTE = [(dual task − single task)/single task] 100%.