Risks of Mycotoxins from Mycoinsecticides to Humans

Table 2

PK mycotoxins of fugal entomopathogens.

Mycotoxin name	Producing fungal entomopathogen	Bioactivity	References
Annullatins	Cordyceps annullata	Exhibit potent agonistic activity toward the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2.	[87]
Cryptosporioptide A	Cordyceps gracilioides	Inhibit the activity of protein tyrosine phosphatases	[88]
Cytochalasins	Metarhizium anisopliae	Inhibitor of the actin-cofilin interaction	[84, 85]
Farinosones A, B, and C	Paecilomyces farinosus	Cytotoxic	[89]
Fumosorinones	Isaria fumosorosea	Inhibits tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)	[90]
Indigotides	Cordyceps indigotica		[91]
Militarinones	Paecilomyces militaris	Cytotoxic	[92]
Opaliferin	Cordyceps sp.		[93]
Pinophilin C	Cordyceps gracilioides	Inhibit the activity of protein tyrosine phosphatases	[88]
Tenellin	Beauveria bassiana		[76, 78]
Terreusinone A	Cordyceps gracilioides	Inhibit the activity of protein tyrosine phosphatases	[88]
Tenuipyrone	Isaria tenuipes		[94]
Torrubiellones	Torrubiella sp.	Antimalarial	[95]
13-Hydroxyindigotide A	Cordyceps indigotica		[96]
8-O-Methylindigotide B	Cordyceps indigotica		[96]
Oosporein	Cordyceps cardinalis	Antibiotic; Antifungal; Antitumor	[83, 97]
Bassianin	Beauveria spp.	Inhibits erythrocyte membrane ATPase and; inhibits Ca^2+-ATPases	[98]