Anatomical Location of the Common Iliac Veins at the Level of the Sacrum: Relationship between Perforation Risk and the Trajectory Angle of the Screw

<div>Distance from right and left common iliac veins (CIVs) to the center of the promontorium. S: level of the S1 cranial endplate; P: 1 cm caudal to the cranial S1 endplate.</div>

BioMed Research International

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Figure 9

Figure 9: Anatomical Location of the Common Iliac Veins at the Level of the Sacrum: Relationship between Perforation Risk and the Trajectory Angle of the Screw 

Figure 9 | Anatomical Location of the Common Iliac Veins at the Level of the Sacrum: Relationship between Perforation Risk and the Trajectory Angle of the Screw 